Table 1 Types and descriptions of plagiarism

1 Word for Word Plagiarism

Plágio direto

Verbatim copy of an original text without the use of quotation marks or margin indentation to indicate a quotation or the identification of the source by means of a reference.

2 Paraphrasing Plagiarism

Plágio Indireto

Reproduction of the ideas of an original source using different words, but without identifying the original’s location.

3 Mosaic Plagiarism

Plágio Mosaico

Unidentified reproduction of fragments of different sources that are mixed with words, conjunctions, and prepositions so that the text makes sense.

4 Collusion Plagiarism

Plágio Consentido

Presentation of works as being one’s own that were in fact authored by others (friends, colleagues, or relatives, among others) or purchased.

5 Apt Phrase Plagiarism

Plágio de Chavão

Reproduction of expressions, truisms or phrases provoking the effect elaborated by other authors.

6 Plagiarism of Secondary Sources

Plágio de Fontes

Reproduction of bibliographic references encountered in other sources that were never consulted directly by the citing author.

7 Self-plagiarism

Autoplágio

Reproduction of one’s own works previously presented in other circumstances without identifying this fact to obtain one or more advantages, such as being cited in the work of others.