%PDF-1.3
%
1 0 obj
<>
endobj
2 0 obj
<>stream
Chegg,Academic integrity,Contract cheating,File sharing,Academic misconduct,Online exams,Assessment,Covid-19,Pandemic
Acrobat Distiller 10.0.0 (Windows); modified using iText® 5.3.5 ©2000-2012 1T3XT BVBA (SPRINGER SBM; licensed version)
application/pdf
10.1007/s40979-021-00070-0
International Journal for Educational Integrity
International Journal for Educational Integrity, 2021, doi:10.1007/s40979-021-00070-0
Chegg
Academic integrity
Contract cheating
File sharing
Academic misconduct
Online exams
Assessment
Covid-19
Pandemic
Contract cheating by STEM students through a file sharing website: a Covid-19 pandemic perspective
Thomas Lancaster
Codrin Cotarlan
2021-01-19T11:28:08+01:00
2021-01-19T11:28:08+01:00
2021-01-15T05:07:33+08:00
Arbortext Advanced Print Publisher 9.1.440/W Unicode
uuid:b1bf067b-218d-427c-9d43-635d39e615c5
uuid:020aad36-27ac-4ab3-8ff2-de31e9f51fc8
default
1
converted
uuid:b1bf067b-218d-427c-9d43-635d39e615c5
converted to PDF/A-2b
pdfToolbox
2021-01-15T21:41:26+08:00
2
B
Thomas Lancaster
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1534-7547
Springer Nature ORCID Schema
http://springernature.com/ns/xmpExtensions/2.0/
sn
authorInfo
Bag AuthorInformation
external
Author information: contains the name of each author and his/her ORCID (ORCiD: Open Researcher and Contributor ID). An ORCID is a persistent identifier (a non-proprietary alphanumeric code) to uniquely identify scientific and other academic authors.
editorInfo
Bag EditorInformation
external
Editor information: contains the name of each editor and his/her ORCID identifier.
seriesEditorInfo
Bag SeriesEditorInformation
external
Series editor information: contains the name of each series editor and his/her ORCID identifier.
AuthorInformation
http://springernature.com/ns/xmpExtensions/2.0/authorInfo/
author
Specifies the types of author information: name and ORCID of an author.
name
Text
Gives the name of an author.
orcid
URI
Gives the ORCID of an author.
EditorInformation
http://springernature.com/ns/xmpExtensions/2.0/editorInfo/
editor
Specifies the types of editor information: name and ORCID of an editor.
name
Text
Gives the name of an editor.
orcid
URI
Gives the ORCID of an editor.
SeriesEditorInformation
http://springernature.com/ns/xmpExtensions/2.0/seriesEditorInfo/
seriesEditor
Specifies the types of series editor information: name and ORCID of a series editor.
name
Text
Gives the name of a series editor.
orcid
URI
Gives the ORCID of a series editor.
http://ns.adobe.com/pdf/1.3/
pdf
Adobe PDF Schema
internal
A name object indicating whether the document has been modified to include trapping information
Trapped
Text
http://ns.adobe.com/pdfx/1.3/
pdfx
Adobe Document Info PDF eXtension Schema
internal
ID of PDF/X standard
GTS_PDFXVersion
Text
internal
Conformance level of PDF/X standard
GTS_PDFXConformance
Text
internal
Company creating the PDF
Company
Text
internal
Date when document was last modified
SourceModified
Text
http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/mm/
xmpMM
XMP Media Management Schema
internal
UUID based identifier for specific incarnation of a document
InstanceID
URI
internal
The common identifier for all versions and renditions of a document.
OriginalDocumentID
URI
http://www.aiim.org/pdfa/ns/id/
pdfaid
PDF/A ID Schema
internal
Part of PDF/A standard
part
Integer
internal
Amendment of PDF/A standard
amd
Text
internal
Conformance level of PDF/A standard
conformance
Text
endstream
endobj
3 0 obj
<>stream
x[[sܺ~ׯ#U% ݧOrR9ٲŁ49^$w@ΌdkT*ĥqϟx~azhzJ73V]&?XwW]w_ku}pUn\Y)WTmyoJm$4o}wNLͻLKT%bc-o2L|5z|鍢w%LTMM\}0yN#띯pK&|W<>̒iO3hh9·
4NwRcR{}
äe+y+kqi89MCiaJ[zʻ
XO<O{fm[_,l7//kdw$/~A4Hrی<yqX2t:ܖrem3F:y::6#42kUW[ 55R]MqhonR,yw%JVcLCUO|r(%7XutǙJߵ
8HNV)@2m&~%R8k$TջoG?{G$$yP&ފQ~6Q>06tcTLoP,-NovȠA_]=$ 3/{|>8^NX.پS%Je aOOD2"=((^ v
zDrיk<nv&=gJ$pC+($v;D
DVU+_T;@ѽQ?{4]%Ĭvv|32Mq;as&W(.&#guk{%Lz
`[вC2,\';á}
o2\]$@pt]l>^umB)3 i3~R"&
QuUm$iahaUADT8|+2!(bDF~twQ3@%+2 pdbTwQ';N{:%Z`Fze@+}5[-e9tw^
=kSJn]&WRF]_FD{r2
.1IDjLp!#j?=ムW4.`f38AlE
h1
z]I;OpZ H1gxg n[ú<mxAm=vc K-" yRu;igۺGW|Vuh
rq>)q]< v
"BY!i73*NwDpJ͙J5qn05Hj`:#3Qj#SlI%Q
~3 aTY[ /pȎ m{録/ NFJ͘ fT L]<, "-fW(xh$*_Eڢ)
]Y&kv#qExFBT =z20tCiy
1ʚ7v2|[GWk3N-kfϖKX]E+dɶ8zuv4=YӜ%9ضh' M k#F> (L+8 ,
sNU!ScxiBN? oUWWGOz>8/lͪSV?O#8L7~D,3zEՆyG pn@Ǽ%\FJbGpE5kUoܦ҉$kTZ"*>ՅSlhS.u'C)-6O&$9?HUd$Wx/cXڱt%t}Q9ryȣ1!dB}NwVtF`Z3v^y8!Xl 槮
Ƚɵ.O'{3y{!gmLvi\BɱWdf^伝aT&8q:]snً?wL Nl s0ESsvj2dpLU$LrQ:4+P S9My ?
2f1MQ͏4dZ&;Bdڜ1Hq"i6`I4Ԇ5ZVjrb!Q+CeIL`/xd}NH7,18>g KdN';|2?j!.ገ]LDiu6VgV#_cOtČ/Sv >,K4-;%v5ji(Η5'l#b-(%gfdmp(jeA 0[&t