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FACE-TO-FACE: In invigilated exams carried out in a face-to-face environment, or in non-invigilated assessments (e.g. assignments such as essays, course work, or dissertations) submitted on paper
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1. Impersonation of a student, during the exam by someone else (for example, by someone who looks like them)
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0.1
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0.2
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868.5
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0.945
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2. Copying from the work of other students in the exam room
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1.5
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2.2
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836.5
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0.005
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3. Receiving hints from other students in the exam room
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1.5
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2.4
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699.0
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0.000
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4. Copying from materials (on paper, on a mobile device, etc) taken into the exam hall
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1.2
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2.0
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726.0
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0.006
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5. Submission of text written in advance of the exam
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0.5
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0.8
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821.0
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0.082
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6. Using a device with headphones to receive assistance from someone outside the exam room
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0.1
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1.1
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300.5
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0.000
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7. Giving an excuse to leave the exam room temporarily, and then gaining access to outside help (from hidden notes or from other people)
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0.0
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1.2
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234.0
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0.000
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8. Plagiarism
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2.0
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2.2
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914.0
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0.189
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9. ‘Ghost writing’, that is where the assignment is carried out by someone else (e.g. a friend, a family member, a teacher), or is purchased from a web site
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1.8
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2.0
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819.0
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0.078
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ONLINE: In non-invigilated exams or assessments (e.g. assignments such as essays, course work, or dissertations) carried out in an online environment (including where the assessments are submitted online)
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10. Impersonation of the student, during the exam by someone else (for example, by someone who logs in with their id)
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0.6
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0.4
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413.0
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0.537
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11. Communication (e.g. by mobile) with other people during the assessment
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0.7
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0.6
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514.5
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0.984
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12. Copying from materials on an electronic device where this is not allowed in the exam
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0.8
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0.7
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445.5
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0.461
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13. Plagiarism
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1.2
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1.7
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550.0
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0.074
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14. ‘Ghost writing’, that is where the assignment is carried out by someone else (e.g. a friend, a family member, a teacher), or is purchased from a web site
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1.2
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1.5
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458.0
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0.072
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